What are the Benefits of Beet Juice

In this issue of The Circulatory, we’ll discuss an unusual food that Olympic athletes consume to elevate their performance and gain a competitive edge: Beet Juice. You might be surprised to learn that the International Olympic Committee acknowledged in 2018 that beet juice is a sports food with good scientific evidence to back it. 

So what is it about beet juice? What gives it performance-enhancing properties, and why should you care? 

Daniel Kim-Shapiro, director of the Translational Science Center at Wake Forest University, has conducted groundbreaking research about the health properties of beetroot juice for more than 10 years. He has written about how the human body converts the chemical nitrate (found in beets) into nitric oxide to regulate blood flow, fueling athletes for peak performance. 

Benefits of Eating Beets

When you chew anything containing nitrates, the natural bacteria in your mouth convert it into nitrites. After it gets to your stomach, those nitrites are converted to one of two compounds. We want them to become the one called nitric oxide, a gas which also happens to be a potent blood vessel dilator. When blood vessels are dilated, they are relaxed and widened, allowing for more blood flow, which helps normalize blood pressure. Increased nitric oxide in the body also promotes the removal of waste and carbon dioxide from, as well as promoting delivery of oxygen and nutrients to, the body. These benefits are particularly important to your heart, genitals, and brain.

Health Benefits of Beets

You have to love the beet.  Yes, the beautifully, naturally red beet is one of the most potent and healthy nitrate-containing foods in nature. Its antioxidant content (e.g., vitamin C and polyphenols) as well its lack of industrial processing assists our body in creating nitric oxide, as well as preventing the body from creating dangerous nitrosamines (described below).

BAD FOR US

The nitrite and nitrate-containing foods to avoid are cured and processed meats. Bacon and hot dogs are just two of these culprits, both of which are often dished up at picnics and BBQs. When you eat these foods, they are most often converted to a compound that is carcinogenic. Even though these foods contain nitrites, it is usually in the form of sodium nitrite or sodium nitrate (as opposed to a naturally occurring nitrate). When these foods are chewed and swallowed and make their way to your stomach, the meat’s protein and heme content (the molecule that carries iron in animals) help convert the nitrite into the carcinogens called nitrosamines. We don’t want that.

The sodium nitrite/sodium nitrate in these processed meats have the added disadvantage of being high in – you guessed it – sodium, which we need to limit to help normalize our blood pressure.

Wow. Does that mean never eating a hot dog again? That’s up to you. As for me, I like to tell the story of being at BBQ a few years ago. One of the people who knew that I’m a nutritionist came up to me mid-bite and said, “you’re eating a hot dog?” And I replied “yup, I’m still a human!” :)

Once in a while is okay. It’s summer, after all! But do your best to make sure that your daily routine includes lots of healthy, naturally occurring, nitrate-containing foods like:

• Beetroot
• Arugula
• Fennel
• Leek
• Parsley
• Endive
• Carrot
• Spinach
• Chinese cabbage
• Bok choy
• Cabbage
• Rhubarb
• Dill
• Turnip

Also, if you’re enjoying foods rich in sodium nitrates, then it’s best to eat it alongside foods with naturally occurring Vitamin C, as they will help your body cut back on the production of nitrosamines. For instance, maybe put some fresh orange or grapefruit on your plate if you’re having bacon for breakfast, or if you’re indulging in a hot dog, enjoy some tomato on the side.

Your heart will thank you later. 

Here’s to your health!